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eLibrary >
ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2025 -- Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE Approved) >
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ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2025 -- Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Residential Buildings (ANSI/ASHRAE Approved), 2025
- ASHRAE Online Bookstore
- Addenda
- Errata
- Return to Previous Page
- ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2025 [Go to Page]
- Contents
- Foreword
- 1. Purpose
- 2. Scope [Go to Page]
- 2.1 This standard considers chemical, physical, and biological contaminants that can affect air quality. Thermal comfort requirements are not included in this standard.
- 2.2 While acceptable indoor air quality (IAQ) is the goal of this standard, it will not necessarily be achieved, even if all requirements are met
- 2.3 This standard does not claim to achieve acceptable IAQ in buildings in which smoking is permitted.
- 3. Definitions [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms
- 3.2 Initialisms, Abbreviations, and Acronyms
- 4. Dwelling-Unit Ventilation [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Ventilation Rate. A mechanical exhaust system, supply system, or combination thereof shall be designed and provided with the capacity to deliver outdoor air ventilation to the whole dwelling unit at a continuous rate not less than that specified ...
- 4.2 System Type. The dwelling-unit mechanical ventilation system shall consist of one or more supply or exhaust fans and associated ducts and controls. Exhaust-only ventilation systems are not permitted for newly constructed attached dwelling units t...
- 4.3 Airflow Measurement. The mechanical ventilation airflows required by this section shall be measured according to the ventilation equipment manufacturer installation instructions, or by using a flow hood, flow grid, or other airflow measuring devi...
- 4.4 Control. An on-off control readily accessible to the dwelling-unit occupant, including but not limited to a fan switch or a dedicated branch-circuit overcurrent device, shall be provided.
- 4.5 Variable Mechanical Ventilation. Dwelling-unit mechanical ventilation systems designed to provide variable ventilation shall comply with Section 4.5.1, 4.5.2, or 4.5.3. Sections 4.5.2 and 4.5.3 also require compliance with Normative Appendix C an...
- 4.6 Equivalent Ventilation. A dwelling-unit ventilation system shall be designed and operated in such a way as to provide the same or lower annual exposure as would be provided by complying with Section 4.1. The calculations shall be based on a singl...
- 5. Local Exhaust [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Local Mechanical Exhaust. A local mechanical exhaust system shall be designed and installed in each kitchen, bathroom, and toilet room, and shall be one of the following:
- 5.2 Demand Controlled Local Mechanical Exhaust. A demand-controlled local mechanical exhaust system shall be designed to comply with the requirements of the following subsections.
- 5.3 Continuous Local Mechanical Exhaust. A continuous local mechanical exhaust system shall be designed and installed.
- 5.4 Airflow Measurement. The airflow required by this section is the quantity of indoor air exhausted by the exhaust system as installed and measured according to the exhaust system manufacturer’s instructions or by using integrated diagnostic equi...
- 6. Other Requirements [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Adjacent Spaces and Transfer Air. Measures shall be taken to minimize air movement across the dwelling-unit boundary from adjacent spaces, such as garages, unconditioned crawlspaces, unconditioned attics, and other dwelling units. Dwelling-unit b...
- 6.2 Labeling. Controls shall be labeled as to their function (unless that function is obvious, such as toilet exhaust fan switches).
- 6.3 Clothes Dryers. Clothes dryers shall be exhausted directly to the outdoors.
- 6.4 Combustion and Solid-Fuel-Burning Appliances
- 6.5 Ventilation Opening Area. Spaces shall have ventilation openings as listed in the following subsections. Such openings shall meet the requirements of Section 6.6.
- 6.6 Air Inlets. Air inlets that are part of the ventilation design shall be located a minimum of 10 ft (3 m) from known sources of contamination, including (but not limited to) a plumbing vent termination, combustion vent termination, exhaust termina...
- 6.7 Minimum Filtration. Mechanical systems that supply air to the dwelling unit through ductwork exceeding 10 ft (3 m) in length and through a thermal conditioning component, except evaporative coolers, shall be provided with a filter having a design...
- 6.8 Carbon Monoxide Alarms. A carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed in each dwelling unit in accordance with NFPA 72, and shall be consistent with requirements of applicable laws, codes, and standards.
- 7. Air-Moving Equipment [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Ratings. Airflow and sound ratings shall be provided for ventilation devices and equipment serving individual dwelling units. Airflow and sound ratings shall be provided by an administration and certification body that is accredited in accordance...
- 7.2 Installation. Installation of systems or equipment shall be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s design requirements and installation instructions.
- 7.3 Sound Ratings for Fans. Ventilation fans shall be rated for sound at not less than the minimum airflow rate required by this standard as noted below. These sound ratings shall be at a minimum of 0.1 in. of water (25 Pa) static pressure in accorda...
- 7.4 Exhaust Ducts
- 7.5 Supply Ducts. Where supply outlets are commonly ducted across multiple dwelling units, one or more supply fans located upstream of all the supply outlets shall be designed and intended to run continuously, or a system of one or more backdraft dam...
- 7.6 Filtered Air Delivery Rate. Where qualifying filters are used in conjunction with permanently installed air-moving devices, this section shall be used to determine the filtered air delivery rate (FADR) and the particle reduction factor (PRF) as n...
- 7.7 Ozone. Air-cleaning systems shall comply with ASHRAE Standard 62.1, Section 5.7.
- 8. Operations and Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Operations
- 8.2 Maintenance
- 9. Climate Data
- 10. References
- Normative Appendix A: Existing Buildings [Go to Page]
- A1. Summary
- A2. Dwelling-Unit Mechanical Ventilation Rate [Go to Page]
- A2.1 Control. The control required by Section 4.4 shall be accessible to the dwelling-unit occupant but shall not be required to be readily accessible to the dwelling-unit occupant.
- A3. Local Exhaust [Go to Page]
- A3.1 Initial Room Airflow Deficit. The airflow deficit for each bathroom shall be 50 cfm (24 L/s), less the airflow rating from Section A4.2 of the exhaust equipment. The airflow deficit for each kitchen shall be 100 cfm (47 L/s), less the airflow ra...
- A3.2 Window Opening Credit. Where the AHJ determines that window operation is a permissible method of providing local exhaust, and there is an operable window in the room, the airflow deficit shall be permitted to be reduced by 20 cfm (10 L/s).
- A3.3 Required Additional Airflow. The total airflow deficit is the sum of all the final airflow deficits from all kitchens and bathrooms. The required additional dwelling-unit mechanical ventilation airflow is equal to one-quarter of the total airflo...
- A4. Air-Moving Equipment [Go to Page]
- A4.1 Selection, Installation, and Sound Rating. Sections 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 are not applicable to existing local exhaust fans being retained via the alternate compliance path of this appendix.
- A4.2 Airflow Rating
- A5. Dwelling-Unit Air Sealing [Go to Page]
- A5.1 The spaces around accessible penetrations through the dwelling-unit boundary, including but not limited to the following, shall be sealed:
- A5.2 Accessible leaks and gaps in the dwelling-unit boundary shall be sealed, including but not limited to the intersections of baseboard trim and floor, the intersections of walls and ceilings, around window trim and dwelling-unit doors, and the ter...
- A5.3 Where previously inaccessible locations are made accessible during renovation activities, those areas shall be air sealed as prescribed in Sections A5.1 and A5.2.
- A5.4 Sealants and materials used for air sealing shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer installation instructions, especially with respect to considerations for temperature, moisture, and gap width.
- A6. Control and Operation of Dwelling-unit Ventilation
- A7. Ground Covers in Foundation Spaces within the Dwelling-Unit Boundary
- Normative Appendix B: Infiltration Effectiveness Weather and Shielding Factors
- Normative Appendix C: Relative Exposure [Go to Page]
- C1. Summary [Go to Page]
- C1.1 Target Ventilation. The target ventilation (Qtot) for the relative exposure calculation is determined by Section 4.1 without taking any infiltration credit from Section 4.1.2 but allowing for other modifications of Section 4.1.
- C1.2 Time Step. The time-step length in minutes (seconds) (Dt) for use in this calculation shall not be more than one hour. Scheduled or real-time quantities that are known to vary faster than the time step shall be averaged for each time step.
- C1.3 Peak Exposure Limitation. To maintain compliance with this appendix, a ventilation system and controls shall be provided such that the relative exposure (Ri) as calculated in accordance with Section C3, shall not exceed 5 for any given time step.
- C1.4 Space Volume. If the AHJ has defined the volume of the space (Vspace), it shall be used. Otherwise, the volume of the space shall be set to the product of the floor area (Afloor) and the reference height (Hr) for the purposes of this appendix (s...
- C2. Time-Varying Total Ventilation [Go to Page]
- C2.1 Mechanical Ventilation. The mechanical ventilation rate (Qfan,i) shall be the larger of either the average exhaust rate from any operating device or the average supply rate from any operating device.
- C2.2 Infiltration. Either Section C2.2.1 or C2.2.2 shall be used to determine the infiltration (Qinf,i) for detached dwelling units less than four stories in height if a blower door test has been performed (see Section 4.1.2). For other dwelling unit...
- C2.3 Combination of Infiltration and Mechanical Ventilation. The total ventilation is the sum of the mechanical ventilation and infiltration at each time step:
- C3. Relative Exposure Calculation [Go to Page]
- C3.1 Nonzero Ventilation. The relative exposure for a given time step shall be calculated from the relative exposure from the prior step and the current ventilation using the following equation, unless the real-time or scheduled ventilation is zero:
- C3.2 Zero Ventilation. If the real-time or scheduled ventilation at a given time step is zero then the following equation shall be used:
- C3.3 Initial Conditions. Unless otherwise specified in this standard, the prior (i.e. “i – 1”) step’s relative exposure to be used in the first step’s calculation of the relative exposure shall be unity.
- Normative Appendix D: Indoor Air Quality Procedure [Go to Page]
- D1. Bioeffluent Control System [Go to Page]
- D1.1 Base Ventilation System. A dwelling-unit mechanical ventilation system in compliance with Sections 4.1 through 4.4 or Section 4.5 is required. It shall be operated at a rate not less than that specified in Section 4.1, calculated with a floor ar...
- D1.2 CO2 Controlled Ventilation System. A dwelling-unit mechanical ventilation system shall be provided that complies with Section 4.2 or Section 4.4 and that limits the carbon dioxide concentration to not more than 1600 ppm.
- D2. Contaminant Control System [Go to Page]
- D2.1 Contaminant Control Equation. Equation D-1 shall be used to determine the contaminant rating:
- D2.2 Real-Time Concentration Measurements. Use of real-time concentration measurement methods shall be permitted for use in Equation D-1. If any real-time measurements are in use, the contaminant control system shall calculate the contaminant rating ...
- D2.3 Alternative Concentration Determination for PM2.5. Unless real-time measurement is being used, the concentration of PM2.5 in Equation D-1 shall be 12 µg/m3 divided by the particle reduction factor based on the daily average filtered air deliver...
- D2.4 Alternative Concentration Determination for Formaldehyde. Unless real-time measurement is being used, the concentration of formaldehyde in Equation D-1 shall be determined by default values in accordance with Section D2.4.1 or a commissioning st...
- D2.5 Alternative Concentration Determination for Nitrogen Dioxide. Unless real-time measurement is being used, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in Equation D-1 shall be determined as follows:
- D3. Contaminant Measurements [Go to Page]
- D3.1 Formaldehyde. Formaldehyde concentrations shall be measured using the following test methods: ISO 16000-3, EPA TO-11, EPA IP-6, ASTM D5197, or equivalent. It is permitted to measure formaldehyde using an instrument that has an accuracy of 5 µg/...
- D3.2 Carbon Dioxide. Where CO2 sensors are used in the dwelling unit, the CO2 sensors shall be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within ±100 ppm at concentrations of 1600 ppm when measured at sea level at 77°F (25°C). Sensors shall be f...
- D3.3 Other Contaminants. Devices that measure contaminants other than formaldehyde or carbon dioxide shall have a minimum accuracy of 5 µg/m3 plus 15% of reading at the default concentration in Section D2.
- D4. Air cleaning [Go to Page]
- D4.1 Particulates. Particulate matter filters shall report an efficiency in accordance with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2, AHRI 680, or ISO 16890.
- D4.2 Gases. Gas-phase air cleaners shall report a removal efficiency for any compound they claim to address included in the design in accordance with any of the following test methods:
- D5. Fault Detection
- Informative Appendix E: Control of Infectious Aerosols [Go to Page]
- E1. Overview
- E2. Dwelling Unit Ventilation Rate During Infection Risk Management Mode [Go to Page]
- E2.1 The ventilation rate (Qtot) required in the dwelling unit to mitigate long-range transmission risk during infection risk management mode shall not be less than the greater of Qtot as determined in Section 4.1.1 and Qtot,IRMM as determined in acc...
- E3. Additional Requirements [Go to Page]
- E3.1 General Requirements
- E3.2 Building Readiness Plan (BRP). A BRP shall be created to describe the engineering and nonengineering controls, and their operation, that the facility will use to achieve its total required ventilation rate (Qtot,IRMM) during IRMM. The BRP shall ...
- E3.3 Multifamily Dwellings. Existing buildings with forced-air HVAC systems supplying air that is returned through ductwork from more than one dwelling unit shall have at least MERV 13A filtration or ePM1 of 50% filtration, per Standard 241, Table 7-...
- E4. Separation Areas [Go to Page]
- E4.1 Separation Area for Infected Occupants. The separation area for infected occupants shall meet the requirements of either Section E4.1.1 or Section E4.1.2.
- E4.2 Separation Area for Vulnerable Occupants. The separation area for vulnerable occupants, as determined in accordance with the authority having jurisdiction, shall meet the requirements of either Section E4.2.1 or Section E4.2.2. Air that is mecha...
- Informative Appendix F: Informative References
- Informative Appendix G: Addenda Description [Go to Page]
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