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eLibrary >
PD CLC IEC/TS 62271-314:2025 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 314: Direct current disconnectors and earthing switches >
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PD CLC IEC/TS 62271-314:2025 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 314: Direct current disconnectors and earthing switches, 2025
- undefined
- European foreword
- Endorsement notice
- Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications [Go to Page]
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions [Go to Page]
- 3.1 General terms and definitions
- 3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear
- 3.3 Parts of assemblies
- 3.4 Switching devices
- 3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear
- 3.6 Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear
- 3.7 Characteristic quantities
- 3.8 Index of definitions
- 4 Normal and special service conditions
- 5 Ratings [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Rated direct voltage (Urd)
- 5.3 Rated insulation level (Udd, Up, Us)
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Multiterminal – Preferred rated insulation levels
- Table 2 – Two-terminal – Preferred rated insulation levels
- 5.4 Rated continuous current (Ird)
- 5.5 Rated values of short-time withstand current [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 Typical waveform of short-circuit current
- 5.5.2 Rated short-time withstand current (Ikd)
- 5.5.3 Rated peak withstand current (Ipd)
- 5.5.4 Rated duration of short circuit (tkd)
- 5.6 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (Ua)
- 5.7 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary circuits and control circuits
- 5.8 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems
- 5.101 Rated contact zone
- 5.102 Rated static mechanical terminal load
- Table 3 – Preferred contact zones for "fixed" contacts supported by flexible conductors – outdoor installation
- Table 4 – Preferred contact zones for "fixed" contacts supported by rigid conductors outdoor installation
- 5.103 Classification of disconnectors for mechanical endurance
- Table 5 – Preferred static mechanical terminal loads – outdoor
- Table 6 – Classification of disconnectors for mechanical endurance
- 5.104 Classification of earthing switches for mechanical endurance
- 5.105 Rated ice-coating
- 5.106 Rated cable discharge current making capability
- Table 7 – Classification of earthing switches for mechanical endurance
- Table 8 – Discharge classes based on energy amounts related to test duty 1
- Table 9 – Discharge classes based on energy amounts related to test duty 2
- 6 Design and construction [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Requirements for liquids in disconnectors and earthing switches
- 6.2 Requirements for gases in disconnectors and earthing switches
- 6.3 Earthing of disconnectors and earthing switches
- 6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits
- 6.5 Dependent power operation
- 6.6 Stored energy operation
- Table 10 – Product information
- 6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation)
- 6.8 Manually operated actuators
- 6.9 Operation of releases
- 6.10 Pressure/level indication
- 6.11 Nameplates
- 6.12 Locking devices
- 6.13 Position Indication
- 6.14 Degree of protection provided by enclosures
- 6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators
- 6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness
- 6.17 Tightness for liquid systems
- 6.18 Fire hazard (flammability)
- 6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
- 6.20 X-ray emission
- 6.21 Corrosion
- 6.22 Filling levels for insulation, switching and/or operation
- 6.101 Particular requirements for earthing switches
- 6.102 Requirements in respect of the isolating distance of disconnectors
- 6.103 Mechanical strength
- 6.104 Operation of disconnectors and earthing switches – Position of the movable contact system and its indicating and signalling devices [Go to Page]
- 6.104.1 Securing of position
- 6.104.2 Additional requirements for power-operated mechanisms
- 6.104.3 Indication and signalling of position [Go to Page]
- 6.104.3.1 General requirements
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Position indicating/signalling device(s) [Go to Page]
- [Go to Page]
- 6.104.3.2 Indication of position
- 6.104.3.3 Signalling of position by auxiliary contacts
- 6.105 Maximum force required for manual (dependent or independent) operation [Go to Page]
- 6.105.1 General
- 6.105.2 Operation requiring more than one revolution
- 6.105.3 Operation requiring up to one revolution
- 6.106 Dimensional tolerances
- Table 11 – List of type tests
- 6.107 Earthing switches with short-circuit making current capability
- 7 Type tests [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General [Go to Page]
- 7.1.1 Basics
- 7.1.2 Information for identification of test objects
- 7.1.3 Information to be included in type test reports
- 7.2 Dielectric tests [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 General
- 7.2.2 Ambient air conditions during tests
- 7.2.3 Wet test procedure
- 7.2.4 Arrangement of the equipment
- 7.2.5 Criteria to pass the test
- 7.2.6 Application of the test voltage and test conditions
- Table 12 – Test voltages [Go to Page]
- 7.2.7 Test of disconnectors and earthing switches
- 7.2.8 Artificial pollution tests for outdoor insulators
- 7.2.9 Partial discharge tests
- 7.2.10 Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits
- 7.2.11 Voltage test as condition check
- 7.3 Resistance measurement
- 7.4 Continuous current tests
- 7.5 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests [Go to Page]
- 7.5.1 General
- 7.5.2 Arrangement of the disconnectors and earthing switches and of the test circuit
- Figure 2 – Examples of test arrangement from a) to g) of different type of disconnectors (horizontal and vertical) with and without earthing switch combined [Go to Page]
- 7.5.3 Test current and duration
- 7.5.4 Conditions of disconnectors and earthing switches after test
- 7.6 Verification of the protection
- 7.7 Tightness tests
- 7.8 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC)
- 7.9 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
- 7.10 X-ray radiation test for vacuum interrupters
- 7.101 Capacitive current making test – Cable discharging test [Go to Page]
- 7.101.1 General
- 7.101.2 Classification of earthing switches with cable discharging current making capability
- 7.101.3 Discharging making tests [Go to Page]
- 7.101.3.1 Arrangement of the earthing switch for tests
- 7.101.3.2 Earthing of the test circuit
- 7.101.3.3 Test procedure
- 7.101.3.4 Test duty 1 (without current limiting resistor) [Go to Page]
- 7.101.3.4.1 General
- 7.101.3.4.2 Alternative test method for test-duty 1
- 7.101.3.4.3 Test frequency test duty 1
- 7.101.3.4.4 Test current test duty 1
- 7.101.3.4.5 Test voltage test duty 1
- 7.101.3.4.6 Tests at reduced voltage test duty 1
- 7.101.3.4.7 Test circuits test duty 1
- Figure 3 – Typical test circuit of oscillating RLC discharge
- Figure 4 – Example of damped oscillating discharge of 525 kV XLPE cable of 300 km length, cross-section 2 000 mm2 and with a residual voltage of Ures = 100 kV
- Figure 5 – Alternative test circuit of test duty 1 [Go to Page]
- [Go to Page]
- 7.101.3.5 Test duty 2 (with current limiting resistor) [Go to Page]
- 7.101.3.5.1 General
- 7.101.3.5.2 Alternative test method for test duty 2
- 7.101.3.5.3 Test frequency test duty 2
- 7.101.3.5.4 Test current test duty 2
- 7.101.3.5.5 Test voltage test duty 2
- 7.101.3.5.6 Tests at reduced voltage at test duty 2
- 7.101.3.5.7 Test circuits test duty 2
- Figure 6 – Typical test circuit with damped RLC discharging oscillation (aperiodic)
- Figure 7 – Example of discharging impulse (damped discharging oscillation, aperiodic) of 525 kV XLPE cable of 300 km length at system voltage by using a discharge resistor of 5 kΩ [Go to Page]
- 7.101.4 Behaviour of the earthing switch during tests
- 7.101.5 Condition of earthing switch after tests
- 7.101.6 Test reports
- 7.102 Operating and mechanical endurance tests [Go to Page]
- 7.102.1 General test conditions
- Figure 8 – Fixed contact parallel to support [Go to Page]
- 7.102.2 Contact zone test
- Figure 9 – Fixed contact perpendicular to support
- Figure 10 – Example of the application of rated static mechanical terminal loads to a (divided support) pantograph disconnector (or earthing switch)
- Figure 11 – Example of the application of rated static mechanical terminal loads to a two-column disconnector [Go to Page]
- 7.102.3 Mechanical endurance test [Go to Page]
- 7.102.3.1 Test procedure
- 7.102.3.2 Verification of successful operation
- 7.102.4 Operation during the application of rated static mechanical terminal loads
- 7.102.5 Extended mechanical endurance tests
- 7.102.6 Testing of mechanical interlocking devices
- 7.103 Operation under severe ice conditions [Go to Page]
- 7.103.1 General
- 7.103.2 Test arrangement
- 7.103.3 Test procedure [Go to Page]
- 7.103.3.1 Checks before the formation of ice coating
- 7.103.3.2 Formation of ice coating
- 7.103.3.3 Checks after the formation of ice coating
- 7.104 Low- and high-temperature tests [Go to Page]
- 7.104.1 General
- 7.104.2 Measurement of ambient air temperature
- 7.104.3 Low-temperature test
- Figure 12 – Test sequences for low and high temperature tests [Go to Page]
- 7.104.4 High-temperature test
- 7.105 Tests to verify the proper functioning of the position-indicating device [Go to Page]
- 7.105.1 General
- 7.105.2 Tests on the power kinematic chain and the position-indicating kinematic chain
- 8 Routine tests [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General
- 8.2 Dielectric test on the main circuit
- 8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits
- 8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit
- 8.5 Tightness test
- 8.6 Design and visual checks
- 8.101 Mechanical operating tests
- 8.102 Verification of earthing function
- 9 Guide to the selection of disconnectors and earthing switches (informative) [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Selection of rated values [Go to Page]
- 9.2.101 General
- 9.2.102 Selection of rated voltage and preferred rated insulation level
- 9.2.103 Selection of rated continuous current
- 9.2.104 Selection of rated contact zone
- 9.2.105 Selection of rated static mechanical terminal load
- 9.2.106 Selection of rated short-time withstand current and of rated duration of short-circuit
- 9.2.107 Selection of rated peak withstand current
- 9.3 Cable-interface considerations
- 9.4 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions
- 9.5 Environmental aspects
- 9.5.101 Local environmental conditions
- 10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders [Go to Page]
- 10.1 General
- 10.2 Information with enquiries and orders
- 10.3 Information with tenders
- 11 Transport, storage, installation, operating instructions, and maintenance [Go to Page]
- 11.1 General
- 11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation
- 11.3 Installation
- 11.4 Operating instruction
- 11.5 Maintenance
- 12 Safety [Go to Page]
- 12.1 General
- 12.2 Precautions by manufacturers
- 12.3 Precautions by users
- 13 Influence of the product on the environment
- Annex A (normative) Identification of test objects
- Annex B (informative) Induced current switching tests on earthing switches [Go to Page]
- Table C.1 – Tolerances on test quantities for type tests
- Annex C (normative) Tolerances on test quantities for type tests [Go to Page]
- Table D.1 – Common values of electrical characteristics of HV single-core copper cables (type XLPE)
- Annex D (informative) Cable discharging test [Go to Page]
- D.1 General
- Table D.2 – Common values of electrical characteristics of HV overhead lines
- D.2 Surge impedance
- D.3 Cable capacity of single-core cable with radial electrical field
- D.4 Cable inductance of single-core cable
- Table D.3 – Calculations regarding energy classification relating to test duty 1 (direct cable discharge) of earthing switches cable type: XLPE
- D.5 Time constant of high-voltage cables
- D.6 Example and formulas according to Table D.3
- Figure D.1 – Oscillation with parameters of 525 kV XLPE cable
- Figure D.2 – Oscillation with parameters of 525 kV XLPE cable and residual voltage values
- Table E.1 – List of type tests valid according to IEC 62271-102
- Annex E (informative) Extension of validity of type tests [Go to Page]
- E.1 General
- E.2 Dielectric tests
- E.3 Short-time withstand current tests
- E.4 Operating and mechanical endurance tests [Go to Page]
- E.4.1 General
- E.4.2 Operation under severe ice condition test
- E.4.3 Low and high temperature test
- E.5 Cable charging / Discharging current making test
- Figure F.1 – Location of (NBD) neutral bus disconnector
- Annex F (informative) Example of location of neutral bus disconnector for one pole in an HVDC substation [Go to Page]
- Table F.1 – Neutral bus disconnector – Preferred rated insulation levels for rated voltages
- Bibliography [Go to Page]
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