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IEC/TR 62001-2 Ed. 1.0 en:2016 High-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems - Guidance to the specification and design evaluation of AC filters - Part 2: Performance, 2016
- CONTENTS
- FOREWORD
- INTRODUCTION
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Current-based interference criteria [Go to Page]
- 3.1 General
- 3.2 Determining the necessity for telephone interference limits
- 3.3 Defining telephone interference limits [Go to Page]
- 3.3.1 General
- 3.3.2 Mechanisms of interference
- 3.3.3 Noise performance coordination levels
- 3.3.4 Influence of power transmission lines
- 3.3.5 Determination of IT limits for a specific project
- 3.3.6 Pre-existing harmonics and future growth
- 3.3.7 Recommendations for technical specifications
- 3.4 Consequences for filter design
- 3.5 Telephone infrastructure mitigation options
- 3.6 Experience and examples [Go to Page]
- 3.6.1 General
- 3.6.2 Review of design requirements
- 3.6.3 Measured current levels of schemes in service
- 3.6.4 Example of actual telephone interference problems
- 3.6.5 Experience in China, showing no interference problems
- 3.7 Conclusions
- 4 Field measurements and verification [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Overview
- 4.2 Equipment and subsystem tests [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 General
- 4.2.2 Fundamental frequency impedance and unbalance measurement
- 4.2.3 Frequency response curve
- 4.3 System tests
- 4.4 Measuring equipment [Go to Page]
- 4.4.1 Overview
- 4.4.2 AC filter energization
- 4.4.3 Verification of the reactive power controller
- 4.4.4 Verification of the specified reactive power interchange
- 4.4.5 Verification of the harmonic performance
- 4.4.6 Verification of audible noise
- 4.5 In-service measurements [Go to Page]
- 4.5.1 General
- 4.5.2 In-service tuning checks
- 4.5.3 On-line monitoring of tuning
- 4.5.4 Monitoring of IT performance
- 4.5.5 Measurements of pre-existing harmonic levels for design purposes
- Annex A (informative)Voltage and current distortion –Telephone interference [Go to Page]
- A.1 Voltage distortion limits for HV and EHV networks [Go to Page]
- A.1.1 General
- A.1.2 Recommended limits for HV or EHV networks
- A.2 Harmonic current in generators
- A.3 Causes of telephone interference
- A.4 Definition of telephone interference parameters
- A.5 Discussion
- A.6 Coupling mechanism from power-line current to telephone disturbance voltage
- Annex B (informative)Example of induced noise calculation with Dubanton equations [Go to Page]
- B.1 General
- B.2 Residual IT
- B.3 Balanced IT
- Annex C (informative)Illustration of the benefit of including a TIF requirement in the technical specification
- Annex D (informative)Specification of IT limits dependent on network impedance
- Annex E (informative)The impact of AC network harmonic impedance and voltage levelon the filter design necessary to fulfil an IT criterion [Go to Page]
- E.1 General
- E.2 Assumptions and pre-conditions
- E.3 Harmonic impedance of AC network
- E.4 Filter design
- E.5 Explanation of the difference in impact of relative and absolute performance criteria on required filter Mvar
- Bibliography
- Figures [Go to Page]
- Figure 1 – Conversion factor from positive sequence current at the sending end to positive sequence current at the receiving end, and input impedance of a 230 kV line, 124 km long, 1000 -m
- Figure 2 – Conversion factor from positive sequence current to residual current,and input impedance of a 230 kV line, 124 km long, 1 000 -m
- Figure 3 – Simple circuit for calculation of harmonic performancetaking into account pre-existing harmonics
- Figure 4 – Converter variables for harmonic performance tests
- Figure 5 – Example of measurements made during a ramp of the converters
- Figure A.1 – Contributions of harmonic voltages at differentvoltage levels in a simple network
- Figure A.2 – C-message and psophometric weighting factors
- Figure A.3 – Flow-chart describing the basic telephone interference mechanism
- Figure D.1 – Simplification of the detailed network usedfor telephone interference simulation
- Figure D.2 – Induced voltage in telephone circuit vs. network impedance,for unitary current injected
- Figure D.3 – IT limits as defined for different network impedances
- Figure E.1 – Converter harmonics un-weighted (A) and IT weighted (kA) on 240 kV base
- Figure E.2 – Converter Mvar absorption versus load
- Figure E.3 – Impedance sector diagram and RL-equivalent circuit
- Figure E.4 – Simplified converter/system topology
- Figure E.5 – Simplified circuit including overhead transmission line
- Tables [Go to Page]
- Table 1 – Performance thresholds for metallic noise
- Table 2 – Performance thresholds for longitudinal noise
- Table 3 – Performance thresholds for balance
- Table 4 – Illustrative maximum telephone line length to achieve the North American recommended longitudinal Ng level, as a function of balanced IT level, earth resistivity and separation distance
- Table 5 – Illustrative maximum telephone line length to achieve the North American recommended longitudinal Ng level as a function of residual IT level,earth resistivity and separation distance
- Table 6 – Some HVDC schemes – Specified telephone interference criteria
- Table 7 – Measured 95 % values of THFF and Ipe of a 600 MW scheme (3 phases)
- Table 8 – Measured 95 % values of THFF and Ipe of a 300 MW scheme (3 phases)
- Table A.1 – Voltage distortion limits from IEEE 519-1992
- Table A.2 – Compatibility levels for harmonic voltages (in percent of the nominal voltage) in LV and MV power systems [based on Table 1 of IEC TR 61000-3-6:2008]
- Table A.3 – Indicative values of planning levels for harmonic voltagesin HV and EHV power systems [based on Table 2 of IEC TR 61000-3-6:2008]
- Table E.1 – Required total amount of installed filter Mvarsto meet a IT limit of 25 kA for 600 MW transmission [Go to Page]
