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IEEE Guide for Application of Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for Alternating-Current Systems, 1997
- Title page
- Introduction
- Participants
- CONTENTS
- 1. Scope
- 2. References
- 3. Definitions and acronyms [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Definitions [Go to Page]
- 3.1.1 arrester: See: surge arrester.
- 3.1.2 arrester discharge current: The current that...
- 3.1.3 arrester discharge voltage: The voltage that...
- 3.1.4 arrester duty cycle rating: The designated m...
- 3.1.5 basic lightning impulse insulation level (BI...
- 3.1.6 basic switching impulse insulation level (BS...
- 3.1.7 coefficient of grounding (COG): The ratio, E...
- 3.1.8 conventional BIL: The crest value of a stand...
- 3.1.9 conventional BSL: The crest value of a stand...
- 3.1.10 conventional withstand voltage: The voltage...
- 3.1.11 coordination of insulation: The selection o...
- 3.1.12 crest value: (of an impulse) The maximum va...
- 3.1.13 critical flashover voltage (CFO): The ampli...
- 3.1.14 deadfront type arrester: An arrester assemb...
- 3.1.15 disruptive discharge: The sudden and large ...
- 3.1.16 distribution arrester:
- 3.1.17 ferroresonance: Can also occur between the ...
- 3.1.18 flashover: A disruptive discharge around or...
- 3.1.19 impulse: A surge of unidirectional polarity...
- 3.1.20 insulation level: A combination of voltage ...
- 3.1.21 lightning overvoltage: The crest voltage ap...
- 3.1.22 lightning surge: A transient electric distu...
- 3.1.23 liquid-immersed type arrester: An arrester ...
- 3.1.24 maximum continuous operating voltage rating...
- 3.1.25 metal-oxide surge arrester (MOSA): A surge ...
- 3.1.26 nominal rate of rise (of an impulse) For a ...
- 3.1.27 nominal system voltage: A nominal value ass...
- 3.1.28 nonself-restoring insulation: An insulation...
- 3.1.29 overvoltage: Abnormal voltage between two p...
- 3.1.30 peak value: See crest value.
- 3.1.31 riser pole type arrester: An arrester for p...
- 3.1.32 self-restoring insulation: Insulation that ...
- 3.1.33 series gap: An intentional gap(s) between s...
- 3.1.34 standard lightning impulse: The wave shape ...
- 3.1.35 standard switching impulses: The wave shape... [Go to Page]
- a) For air insulation and switchgear: 250/2500 ms
- b) For transformer products: 100/1000 ms
- c) For arrester sparkover tests: [Go to Page]
- 1) 30–60/90–180 ms
- 2) 50–300/400–900 ms
- 3) 1000–2000/3000–6000 ms (The tail duration is no...
- 3.1.36 statistical BIL: The crest values of a stan...
- 3.1.37 statistical BSL: The crest value of a stand...
- 3.1.38 statistical withstand voltage: The voltage ...
- 3.1.39 surge: A transient wave of current, potenti...
- 3.1.40 surge arrester: A protective device for lim...
- 3.1.41 switching overvoltage: Any combination of s...
- 3.1.42 switching surge: A heavily damped transient...
- 3.1.43 system voltage: The root-mean-square (rms) ...
- 3.1.44 temporary overvoltage: An oscillatory overv...
- 3.1.45 traveling wave: The resulting wave when an ...
- 3.1.46 unit operation: Discharge of a surge throug...
- 3.1.47 valve arrester: An arrester that includes o...
- 3.1.48 valve element: A resistor that, because of ...
- 3.1.49 virtual duration of wave front: (of an impu... [Go to Page]
- a) For voltage waves with wave front durations les...
- b) For voltage waves with wave front durations of ...
- c) For current waves, 1.25 times the time for the ...
- 3.1.50 virtual zero point: (of an impulse) The int...
- 3.1.51 wave front: (of an impulse) That part of an...
- 3.1.52 wave shape: (of an impulse test wave) The g...
- 3.1.53 wave shape designation: (of an impulse) [Go to Page]
- a) The wave shape of an impulse (other than rectan...
- b) The wave shape of a rectangular impulse of curr...
- 3.1.54 wave tail: (of an impulse) That part betwee...
- 3.1.55 withstand voltage: The voltage that an insu...
- 4. General considerations [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Overvoltages
- 4.2 Metal-oxide arresters
- 4.3 Protective levels
- 4.4 Insulation withstand
- 4.5 Separation effects
- 4.6 Insulation coordination
- 5. Protection of transmission systems [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Step-by-step procedures
- 5.3 Arrester selection
- 5.4 Protective levels of arrester (Figure 4, Item 2)
- 5.5 Locating arresters and determining voltage at protected equipment (Figure 4, Item 3)
- 5.6 Determining insulation strength (Figure 4, Item 5)
- 5.7 Evaluating insulation coordination (Figure 4, Item 6)
- 5.8 Evaluation of alternatives (Figure 4, Item 7)
- 5.9 Protection of transformers
- 5.10 Protection of dry-type insulation
- 5.11 Protection of shunt capacitor banks
- 5.12 Protection of underground cables (Witzke and Bliss)
- 5.13 Protection of gas-insulated substations (GIS)
- 5.14 Protection of rotating machines
- 5.15 Protection of power line insulation
- 5.16 Protection of series capacitor banks
- 5.17 Protection of circuit breakers—TRV control
- 6. Protection of distribution systems [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 General procedure
- 6.3 Selection of arrester ratings
- 6.4 Distribution system overvoltages
- 6.5 Insulation coordination
- 6.6 Protection of distribution lines
- 6.7 Arrester connections
- 6.8 Special applications
- 6.9 Isolation
- Annex A—Lightning flashes, lightning stroke currents, traveling waves, and station shielding
- Annex B—COG for various conditions
- Annex C—Calculations of surge arrester separation distances
- Annex D—Bibliography
- Annex E—Distribution system overvoltage line diagrams
- Annex F—Dual transformer station
- Annex G—Modeling of gapless metal-oxide surge arresters [Go to Page]