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eLibrary >
ISO/IEC 23094-1:2020 Information technology - General video coding - Part 1: Essential video coding >
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TOC Search:
ISO/IEC 23094-1:2020 Information technology - General video coding - Part 1: Essential video coding, 2020
- Foreword
- Introduction
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Abbreviated terms
- 5 Conventions [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Arithmetic operators
- 5.3 Logical operators
- 5.4 Relational operators
- 5.5 Bit-wise operators
- 5.6 Assignment operators
- 5.7 Range notation
- 5.8 Mathematical functions
- 5.9 Order of operation precedence
- 5.10 Variables, syntax elements and tables
- 5.11 Text description of logical operations
- 5.12 Processes
- 6 Bitstream and picture formats, partitionings, scanning processes and neighbouring relationships [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Bitstream formats
- 6.2 Source, decoded and output picture formats
- 6.3 Partitioning of pictures, slices, tiles, and CTUs [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 Partitioning of pictures into slices and tiles
- 6.3.2 Spatial or component-wise partitionings
- 6.4 Availability processes [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Derivation process for neighbouring block availability
- 6.4.2 Derivation process for left and right neighbouring blocks availabilities
- 6.4.3 Derivation process for neighbouring block motion vector candidate availability
- 6.4.4 Derivation process for ALF neighbouring block availability
- 6.5 Scanning processes [Go to Page]
- 6.5.1 CTB raster and tile scanning process
- 6.5.2 Zig-zag scan order 1D array initialization process
- 6.5.3 Inverse scan order 1D array initialization process
- 7 Syntax and semantics [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Method of specifying syntax in tabular form
- 7.2 Specification of syntax functions and descriptors
- 7.3 Syntax in tabular form [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 NAL unit syntax [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1.1 General NAL unit syntax
- 7.3.1.2 NAL unit header syntax
- 7.3.2 Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits and byte alignment syntax [Go to Page]
- 7.3.2.1 SPS RBSP syntax
- 7.3.2.2 PPS RBSP syntax
- 7.3.2.3 APS RBSP syntax
- 7.3.2.4 Filler data RBSP syntax
- 7.3.2.5 Supplemental enhancement information RBSP syntax
- 7.3.2.6 Slice layer RBSP syntax
- 7.3.2.7 RBSP slice trailing bits syntax
- 7.3.2.8 RBSP trailing bits syntax
- 7.3.2.9 Byte alignment syntax
- 7.3.3 Supplemental enhancement information message syntax
- 7.3.4 Slice header syntax
- 7.3.5 Adaptive loop filter data syntax
- 7.3.6 DRA data syntax
- 7.3.7 Reference picture list structure syntax
- 7.3.8 Slice data syntax [Go to Page]
- 7.3.8.1 General slice data syntax
- 7.3.8.2 Coding tree unit syntax
- 7.3.8.3 Split unit syntax
- 7.3.8.4 Coding unit syntax
- 7.3.8.5 Transform unit syntax
- 7.3.8.6 Residual coding syntax
- 7.3.8.7 Run-length residual coding syntax
- 7.3.8.8 Advanced residual coding syntax
- 7.4 Semantics [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 General
- 7.4.2 NAL unit semantics [Go to Page]
- 7.4.2.1 General NAL unit semantics
- 7.4.2.2 NAL unit header semantics
- 7.4.2.3 Order of NAL units and association to coded pictures, access units, and coded video sequences [Go to Page]
- 7.4.2.3.1 General
- 7.4.2.3.2 Order of access units and association to CVSs
- 7.4.2.3.3 Order of NAL units and coded pictures and their association to access units
- 7.4.3 Raw byte sequence payloads, trailing bits and byte alignment semantics [Go to Page]
- 7.4.3.1 SPS RBSP semantics
- 7.4.3.2 PPS RBSP semantics
- 7.4.3.3 APS RBSP semantics
- 7.4.3.4 Filler data RBSP semantics
- 7.4.3.5 Supplemental enhancement information RBSP semantics
- 7.4.3.6 Slice layer RBSP semantics
- 7.4.3.7 RBSP slice trailing bits semantics
- 7.4.3.8 RBSP trailing bits semantics
- 7.4.3.9 Byte alignment semantics
- 7.4.4 Supplemental enhancement information message semantics
- 7.4.5 Slice header semantics
- 7.4.6 Adaptive loop filter data semantics
- 7.4.7 DRA data semantics
- 7.4.8 Reference picture list structure semantics
- 7.4.9 Slice data semantics [Go to Page]
- 7.4.9.1 General slice data semantics
- 7.4.9.2 Coding tree unit semantics
- 7.4.9.3 Split unit semantics
- 7.4.9.4 Coding unit semantics
- 7.4.9.5 Transform unit semantics
- 7.4.9.6 Run-length residual coding semantics
- 7.4.9.7 Advanced residual coding semantics
- 8 Decoding process [Go to Page]
- 8.1 General decoding process
- 8.2 NAL unit decoding process
- 8.3 Slice decoding process [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 Decoding process for picture order count
- 8.3.2 Decoding process for reference picture lists construction [Go to Page]
- 8.3.2.1 Decoding process for reference picture lists construction when sps_rpl_flag is equal to 1
- 8.3.2.2 Decoding process for reference picture lists construction when sps_rpl_flag is equal to 0 [Go to Page]
- 8.3.2.2.1 General
- 8.3.2.2.2 Decoding process for filling a reference picture list with lower PicOrderCntVal pictures
- 8.3.2.2.3 Decoding process for filling a reference picture list with higher PicOrderCntVal
- 8.3.3 Decoding process for reference picture marking [Go to Page]
- 8.3.3.1 Decoding process for reference picture marking when sps_rpl_flag is equal to 1
- 8.3.3.2 Decoding process for reference picture marking when sps_rpl_flag is equal to 0
- 8.3.4 Decoding process for collocated picture
- 8.4 Decoding process for coding units coded in intra prediction mode [Go to Page]
- 8.4.1 General
- 8.4.2 Derivation process for luma intra prediction mode
- 8.4.3 Derivation process for chroma intra prediction mode
- 8.4.4 Decoding process of intra prediction [Go to Page]
- 8.4.4.1 General
- 8.4.4.2 Reference sample substitution process for intra sample prediction
- 8.4.4.3 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_DC
- 8.4.4.4 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_HOR
- 8.4.4.5 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_VER
- 8.4.4.6 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_UL
- 8.4.4.7 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_UR
- 8.4.4.8 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_BI
- 8.4.4.9 Specification of intra prediction mode INTRA_PLN
- 8.4.4.10 Specification of directional intra prediction modes
- 8.4.5 Decoding process for the residual signal
- 8.5 Decoding process for coding units coded in inter prediction mode [Go to Page]
- 8.5.1 General
- 8.5.2 Derivation process for motion vector components and reference indices [Go to Page]
- 8.5.2.1 General
- 8.5.2.2 Derivation process for luma motion vectors for skip mode
- 8.5.2.3 Derivation process for luma motion vectors and reference indices for merge mode [Go to Page]
- 8.5.2.3.1 General
- 8.5.2.3.2 Derivation process for spatial merging candidates
- 8.5.2.3.3 Derivation process for temporal merge candidates
- 8.5.2.3.4 Derivation process for collocated motion vectors
- 8.5.2.3.5 Derivation process for constrained scaled motion
- 8.5.2.3.6 Derivation process for history-based merging candidates
- 8.5.2.3.7 Derivation process for combined bi-predictive merging candidates
- 8.5.2.3.8 Derivation process for zero motion vector merging candidates
- 8.5.2.3.9 Derivation process for MMVD motion vector
- 8.5.2.3.10 Derivation process for motion vector prediction redundancy check
- 8.5.2.4 Derivation process for luma motion vector prediction [Go to Page]
- 8.5.2.4.1 General
- 8.5.2.4.2 Derivation process for default motion vector prediction
- 8.5.2.4.3 Derivation process for motion vector predictor from neighbouring coding unit partitions
- 8.5.2.4.4 Derivation process for history-based motion vector prediction candidates
- 8.5.2.4.5 Derivation process for the luma reference index [Go to Page]
- 8.5.2.4.5.1 General
- 8.5.2.4.5.2 Derivation process for default reference index
- 8.5.2.5 Derivation process for luma motion vectors for direct mode
- 8.5.2.6 Derivation process for chroma motion vector
- 8.5.2.7 Updating process for the history-based motion vector predictor candidate list
- 8.5.2.8 Conversion luma motion vectors from 1/16 fractional-sample accuracy to 1/4 fractional-sample accuracy
- 8.5.2.9 Conversion luma motion vectors from 1/4 fractional-sample accuracy to 1/16 fractional-sample accuracy
- 8.5.3 Derivation process for affine motion vector components and reference indices [Go to Page]
- 8.5.3.1 General
- 8.5.3.2 Derivation process for motion vectors and reference indices in affine merge mode
- 8.5.3.3 Derivation process for luma affine control point motion vectors from a neighbouring block
- 8.5.3.4 Derivation process for constructed affine control point motion vector merging candidates
- 8.5.3.5 Derivation process for luma affine control point motion vector predictors
- 8.5.3.6 Derivation process for constructed affine control point motion vector prediction candidates
- 8.5.3.7 Derivation process for motion vector arrays from affine control point motion vectors
- 8.5.3.8 Derivation process for affine subblock size
- 8.5.3.9 Derivation process for affine motion model parameters from control point motion vectors
- 8.5.3.10 Rounding process for motion vectors
- 8.5.4 Decoding process for inter prediction samples [Go to Page]
- 8.5.4.1 General
- 8.5.4.2 Reference picture selection process
- 8.5.4.3 Fractional sample interpolation process [Go to Page]
- 8.5.4.3.1 General
- 8.5.4.3.2 Luma sample interpolation process
- 8.5.4.3.3 Chroma sample interpolation process
- 8.5.4.4 Interpolation process for the enhanced interpolation filter [Go to Page]
- 8.5.4.4.1 General
- 8.5.4.4.2 Derivation of clipping parameters for affine motion vector
- 8.5.4.5 Sample prediction process
- 8.5.5 Decoder-side motion vector refinement process [Go to Page]
- 8.5.5.1 General
- 8.5.5.2 Fractional sample bilinear interpolation process [Go to Page]
- 8.5.5.2.1 General
- 8.5.5.2.2 Luma sample bilinear interpolation process
- 8.5.5.3 Sum of absolute differences calculation process
- 8.5.5.4 Array entry selection process
- 8.5.5.5 Parametric motion vector refinement process
- 8.5.6 Decoding process for the residual signal of coding units coded in inter prediction mode [Go to Page]
- 8.5.6.1 General
- 8.5.6.2 Decoding process for luma residual blocks
- 8.5.6.3 Decoding process for chroma residual blocks
- 8.6 Decoding process for coding units coded in ibc prediction mode [Go to Page]
- 8.6.1 General
- 8.6.2 Derivation process for motion vector components [Go to Page]
- 8.6.2.1 Derivation process for luma motion vector for ibc prediction mode
- 8.6.2.2 Derivation process for chroma motion vector for ibc prediction mode
- 8.6.3 Decoding process for ibc blocks
- 8.7 Scaling, transformation and array construction process [Go to Page]
- 8.7.1 Derivation process for quantization parameters
- 8.7.2 Scaling and transformation process
- 8.7.3 Scaling process for transform coefficients
- 8.7.4 Transformation process for scaled transform coefficients [Go to Page]
- 8.7.4.1 General
- 8.7.4.2 Transformation process
- 8.7.4.3 Transformation matrix derivation process
- 8.7.5 Picture construction process
- 8.7.6 Post-reconstruction filter process [Go to Page]
- 8.7.6.1 General
- 8.7.6.2 Padding process for post-reconstruction filter
- 8.7.6.3 Derivation process for post-reconstruction filter look-up table
- 8.8 In-loop filter process [Go to Page]
- 8.8.1 General
- 8.8.2 Deblocking filter process [Go to Page]
- 8.8.2.1 General
- 8.8.2.2 Deblocking filter process for one direction
- 8.8.2.3 Deblocking filter process of coding block boundary
- 8.8.3 Advanced deblocking filter process [Go to Page]
- 8.8.3.1 General
- 8.8.3.2 Deblocking filter process for one direction
- 8.8.3.3 Deblocking filter process of coding block boundary
- 8.8.3.4 Derivation process for boundary filtering strength
- 8.8.3.5 Derivation process for the thresholds for each block edge
- 8.8.3.6 Derivation process for edges with bS less than 4
- 8.8.3.7 Derivation process for edges with bS equal to 4
- 8.8.4 Adaptive Loop Filter [Go to Page]
- 8.8.4.1 General
- 8.8.4.2 Coding tree block luma type filtering process
- 8.8.4.3 Derivation process for ALF transpose and filter index
- 8.8.4.4 Coding tree block chroma type filtering process
- 8.8.4.5 Derivation process for luma type ALF input samples
- 8.8.4.6 Derivation process for chroma type ALF input samples
- 8.9 DRA process [Go to Page]
- 8.9.1 General
- 8.9.2 Derivation of samples of output decoded picture by DRA process
- 8.9.3 Inverse mapping process for a luma sample
- 8.9.4 Inverse mapping process for a chroma sample
- 8.9.5 Identification of the range index of piecewise function
- 8.9.6 DRA chroma scale value derivaton process
- 8.9.7 Derivation of output chroma DRA parameters
- 8.9.8 Derivation of adjusted chroma DRA scales
- 9 Parsing process [Go to Page]
- 9.1 General
- 9.2 Parsing process for k-th order Exp-Golomb codes [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 General
- 9.2.2 Mapping process for signed Exp-Golomb codes
- 9.3 CABAC parsing process for slice data [Go to Page]
- 9.3.1 General
- 9.3.2 Initialization process [Go to Page]
- 9.3.2.1 General
- 9.3.2.2 Initialization process for context variables
- 9.3.2.3 Initialization process for the arithmetic decoding engine
- 9.3.3 Binarization process [Go to Page]
- 9.3.3.1 General
- 9.3.3.2 U binarization process
- 9.3.3.3 TR binarization process
- 9.3.3.4 k-th order EGK binarization process
- 9.3.3.5 FL binarization process
- 9.3.3.6 TB binarization process
- 9.3.3.7 Binarization process for intra_chroma_pred_mode
- 9.3.3.8 Binarization process for coeff_abs_level_remaining
- 9.3.4 Decoding process flow [Go to Page]
- 9.3.4.1 General
- 9.3.4.2 Derivation process for ctxTable, ctxIdx and bypassFlag [Go to Page]
- 9.3.4.2.1 General
- 9.3.4.2.2 Derivation process of ctxInc for the coeff_zero_run and coeff_abs_level_minus1
- 9.3.4.2.3 Derivation process of ctxInc for split_unit_coding_order_flag
- 9.3.4.2.4 Derivation process of ctxInc using neighbouring blocks syntax elements
- 9.3.4.2.5 Derivation process of ctxInc for syntax element btt_split_flag
- 9.3.4.2.6 Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax elements last_sig_coeff_x_prefix and last_sig_coeff_y_prefix
- 9.3.4.2.7 Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element sig_coeff_flag
- 9.3.4.2.8 Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coeff_abs_level_greaterA_flag
- 9.3.4.2.9 Derivation process of ctxInc for the syntax element coeff_abs_level_greaterB_flag
- 9.3.4.2.10 Rice parameter derivation process for coeff_abs_level_remaining
- 9.3.4.2.11 Derivation process of ctxInc for syntax element ats_cu_inter_flag
- 9.3.4.2.12 Derivation process of ctxInc for syntax element ats_cu_inter_horizontal_flag
- 9.3.4.3 Arithmetic decoding process [Go to Page]
- 9.3.4.3.1 General
- 9.3.4.3.2 Arithmetic decoding process for a binary decision [Go to Page]
- 9.3.4.3.2.1 General
- 9.3.4.3.2.2 State transition process
- 9.3.4.3.3 Renormalization process in the arithmetic decoding engine
- 9.3.4.3.4 Bypass decoding process for binary decisions
- 9.3.4.3.5 Decoding process for binary decisions before termination
- Annex A (normative) Profiles, levels and toolsets [Go to Page]
- A.1 Overview of profiles, levels and toolsets
- A.2 Requirements on video decoder capability
- A.3 Profiles [Go to Page]
- A.3.1 General
- A.3.2 Baseline profile
- A.3.3 Main profile
- A.3.4 Baseline Still Picture profile
- A.3.5 Main Still Picture profile
- A.4 Levels [Go to Page]
- A.4.1 General level limits
- A.4.2 Profile-specific level limits for the Baseline and Main profiles
- A.4.3 Effect of level limits on picture rate for the Baseline and Main profiles
- A.5 Toolsets
- Annex B (normative) Raw bitstream file storage format [Go to Page]
- B.1 General
- B.2 Raw bitstream NAL unit syntax and semantics [Go to Page]
- B.2.1 Raw bitstream NAL unit syntax
- B.2.2 Raw bitstream NAL unit semantics
- Annex C (normative) Hypothetical reference decoder [Go to Page]
- C.1 General
- C.2 Operation of CPB [Go to Page]
- C.2.1 General
- C.2.2 Timing of bitstream arrival
- C.2.3 Timing of coded picture removal
- C.3 Operation of DPB [Go to Page]
- C.3.1 General
- C.3.2 Removal of pictures from the DPB
- C.3.3 Current decoded picture marking and storage
- C.3.4 Picture decoding and output
- C.4 Bitstream conformance
- C.5 Decoder conformance [Go to Page]
- C.5.1 General
- C.5.2 Operation of the output order DPB [Go to Page]
- C.5.2.1 General
- C.5.2.2 Removal of pictures from the DPB
- C.5.2.3 Current picture decoding, storage, and marking
- C.5.2.4 "Bumping" process
- Annex D (normative) Supplemental enhancement information [Go to Page]
- D.1 General
- D.2 SEI payload syntax [Go to Page]
- D.2.1 General SEI message syntax
- D.2.2 Buffering period SEI message syntax
- D.2.3 Picture timing SEI message syntax
- D.2.4 User data registered by Recommendation ITU-T T.35 SEI message syntax
- D.2.5 User data unregistered SEI message syntax
- D.2.6 Recovery point SEI message syntax
- D.2.7 Mastering display colour volume SEI message syntax
- D.2.8 Content light level information SEI message syntax
- D.2.9 Ambient viewing environment SEI message syntax
- D.3 SEI payload semantics [Go to Page]
- D.3.1 General SEI payload semantics
- D.3.2 Buffering period SEI message semantics
- D.3.3 Picture timing SEI message semantics
- D.3.4 User data registered by Recommendation ITU-T T.35 SEI message semantics
- D.3.5 User data unregistered SEI message semantics
- D.3.6 Recovery point SEI message semantics
- D.3.7 Mastering display colour volume SEI message semantics
- D.3.8 Content light level information SEI message semantics
- D.3.9 Ambient viewing environment SEI message semantics
- Annex E (normative) Video usability information [Go to Page]
- E.1 General
- E.2 VUI syntax [Go to Page]
- E.2.1 VUI parameters syntax
- E.2.2 HRD parameters syntax
- E.3 VUI semantics [Go to Page]
- E.3.1 VUI parameters semantics
- E.3.2 HRD parameters semantics
- Bibliography
- Blank Page [Go to Page]
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