Significance and Use

Solvent extraction of soils and sediments can provide information on the availability of petroleum hydrocarbons to leaching, water quality changes, or other site conditions.

Rapid heating, in combination with temperatures in excess of the atmospheric boiling point of acetone/hexane, reduces sample preparation or extraction times.

Reduced amounts of solvents are required and solvent loss due to boiling and evaporation are eliminated by use of closed extraction vessels.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice covers the solvent extraction of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) from soils and sediments, using closed vessel microwave heating, for subsequent determination by gravimetric or gas chromatographic techniques.

1.2 This practice is recommended only for solid samples that can pass through a ten mesh screen (approximately 2 mm openings).

1.3 The solvent extract obtained by this practice may be analyzed for total or specific nonvolatile and semivolatile petroleum hydrocarbons but may require sample clean-up procedures prior to specific compound analysis.

1.4 This practice is limited to solvents that are recommended for use in microwave solvent extraction systems.

1.5 The values stated in pounds per square inch (psi) are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 8.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D3694 Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and for Preservation of Organic Constituents

D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories Engaged in Analysis of Water

D3974 Practices for Extraction of Trace Elements from Sediments

D3976 Practice for Preparation of Sediment Samples for Chemical Analysis

D5368 Test Methods for Gravimetric Determination of Total Solvent Extractable Content (TSEC) of Solid Waste Samples

Keywords

extraction; microwave; solvent; total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH); vessel; Soil; Solvent extraction; Closed vessel microwave heating technique; Gas chromatography (GC)--water; Gravimetric determination; Heating tests--chemicals/materials; Hydrocarbons; Microwave ovens/procedures; Sediment ;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 13.080.10 (Chemical characteristics of soil)

DOI: 10.1520/D5765-05R10

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM D5765